{"id":683,"date":"2024-11-03T16:11:03","date_gmt":"2024-11-03T15:11:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.exterra-services.cz\/?p=683"},"modified":"2024-11-04T09:27:48","modified_gmt":"2024-11-04T08:27:48","slug":"zaloha-kvm-virtualnich-serveru-na-centos-9-stream","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.exterra-services.cz\/index.php\/2024\/11\/03\/zaloha-kvm-virtualnich-serveru-na-centos-9-stream\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1loha KVM virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch server\u016f na CentOS 9 Stream"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

P\u0159i nasazen\u00ed virtualizace postaven\u00e9 na Red Hat Enterprise Linux kompatibiln\u00edch distribuc\u00ed (kombinace KVM a QEMU) jsme narazili na probl\u00e9m z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed. Syst\u00e9m vypnut\u00ed VM, z\u00e1lohy a zapnut\u00ed VM nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 komfortn\u00ed a \u010dasto nejde v\u016fbec pou\u017e\u00edt kv\u016fli pot\u0159eb\u011b b\u011bhu VM v re\u017eimu 7×24.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed existuje mo\u017enost z\u00e1lohy pomoc\u00ed vestav\u011bn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku zat\u00edm budu prezentovat pln\u00e9 z\u00e1lohy (full backup) VM do jejich konzistentn\u00ed kopie. Popsan\u00e1 metoda vy\u017eaduje libvirt-7.2.0 a QEMU-4.2 nebo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nejprve si vyberte VM, kter\u00fd chcete z\u00e1lohovat a zjist\u011bte, jak\u00e9 disky pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[root@kraken ~]# virsh domblklist domino-linux
 Target   Source
--------------------------------------------------
 sda      CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso
 sdb      domino-linux-notesdata.qcow2
 vda      domino-linux.qcow2
<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Z v\u00fdpisu vid\u00edme, \u017ee disk sda je virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed DVD, to z\u00e1lohovat nechceme, zb\u00fdvaj\u00ed disky vda a sdb. P\u0159iprav\u00edme si konfigura\u010dn\u00ed soubor XML s definic\u00ed, co chceme z\u00e1lohovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<domainbackup>
  <disks>
    <disk name='sdb' backup=\"yes\" type='file'>
      <target file='\/local\/kvm\/backup\/domino-linux.qcow2'\/>
      <driver type='qcow2'\/>
    <\/disk>
    <disk name='vda' backup=\"yes\" type='file'>
      <target file='\/local\/kvm\/backup\/domino-linux-notesdata.qcow2'\/>
      <driver type='qcow2'\/>
    <\/disk>
  <\/disks>
<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Z\u00e1lohy sm\u011brujeme do adres\u00e1\u0159e \/local\/kvm\/backup. Jako prvn\u00ed zaz\u00e1lohujeme konfiguraci VM p\u0159\u00edkazem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
 virsh dumpxml domino-linux > \/local\/kvm\/backup\/domino-linux.xml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
T\u00edm m\u00e1me kompletn\u00ed konfiguraci VM pro p\u0159\u00edpadnou obnovu. Nyn\u00ed spust\u00edme samotnou z\u00e1lohu disk\u016f VM podle d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 konfigurace v XML.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
virsh backup-begin domino-linux --backupxml domino-linux.xml<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Po\u010dkejte, dokud nedostanete v\u00fdstup z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkazu o backup jobu jako „completed“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[root@kraken ~]# virsh domjobinfo domino-linux --keep-completed --completed
Job type: Completed
Operation: Backup
Time elapsed: 7611 ms
File processed: 160.000 GiB
File remaining: 0.000 B
File total: 160.000 GiB<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Nyn\u00ed m\u00e1te k dispozici z\u00e1lohu VM (disky a konfiguraci). Z\u00e1lohu m\u016f\u017eete importovat jako nov\u00fd VM a jednodu\u0161e spustit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto zp\u016fsobu a star\u0161\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu p\u0159es snapshoty popisuje tento \u010dl\u00e1nek<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na z\u00e1v\u011br uv\u00e1d\u00edm jednoduch\u00fd skript, kter\u00fd z\u00e1lohy automatizuje. Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed VM je zde p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1ano v adres\u00e1\u0159i \/local\/kvm. Z\u00e1lohy jsou sm\u011brov\u00e1ny do \/local\/kvm\/backup. Skript hled\u00e1 konf. soubory z\u00e1loh v XML v \/local\/kcm\/backup\/cfg. XML soubor se mus\u00ed jmenovat stejn\u011b jako VM samotn\u00fd. Skript obsahuje nedokon\u010den\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pro mailov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f z\u00e1loh a zasl\u00e1n\u00ed logu. Na konci skriptu je vol\u00e1n Backup Archive klient sys\u00e9tmu IBM Spectrum Protect (d\u0159\u00edve Tivoli Storage Manager), kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 z\u00e1lohy VM ulo\u017e\u00ed na backup server a d\u00edky verzov\u00e1n\u00ed udr\u017euje definovaou historii t\u011bchto soubor\u016f pro mo\u017eno obnovy nejen posledn\u00ed z\u00e1lohy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#!\/bin\/bash

# Default base backup path -- this directory will be created if it does not already exist
BACKUPPATH=\"\/local\/kvm\/backup\"

# String to match in list of VM block devices
VMDATAMATCH=\"qcow2\"

# Path to XML backup config files
XMLBACKUPCFGPATH=\/local\/kvm\/backup\/cfg

# Maximum history of VM backups allowed (e.g. 2 means keep the current backup and one previous backup)
MAXBACKUP=2

# Default email (an empty string means no e-mail will be sent)
TARGET_EMAIL=\"\"

# Logfile
LOGFILE=\/var\/log\/kvmbackup.log

# Default sender email
SENDER_NAME=\"VM Backup\"
SENDER_EMAIL=\"noreply@exterra-services.cz\"
MAIL_FROM=\"noreply@exterra-services.cz\"
MAIL_SUBJECT=\"KVM backup report - $HOSTNAME\"
MAIL_ATTACHMENT=$LOGFILE
MAIL_BODY=\"Backup report for hypervizor $HOSTNAME\"

########################################

export DSM_DIR=\/opt\/tivoli\/tsm\/client\/ba\/bin
export DSM_CONFIG=\/opt\/tivoli\/tsm\/client\/ba\/bin\/dsm.opt

echo \"Backup started at \" $(date) > $LOGFILE;

for VM in $(virsh list --state-running --name); do
   if [ -f \"$XMLBACKUPCFGPATH\/$VM.xml\" ]; then
     echo \"Starting backup for VM: $VM\" >> $LOGFILE;
     virsh dumpxml $VM > $BACKUPPATH\/$VM.xml
     virsh backup-begin $VM --backupxml $XMLBACKUPCFGPATH\/$VM.xml --reuse-external >>$LOGFILE;
     ret_code=$?;
     # echo \"Error code $?\";
     if [ $ret_code -ne 0 ]; then
        echo \"Backing up VM: $VM\";
        virsh backup-begin $VM --backupxml $XMLBACKUPCFGPATH\/$VM.xml >> $LOGFILE;
     else
        echo \"Local dump file missing for $VM\" >> $LOGFILE;
     fi
    # Wait until backup job is completed
    while [ \"$(virsh domjobinfo \"${VM}\" | grep 'Job type:' | awk '{ print $3 }')\" != \"None\" ]; do sleep 5; done
    virsh domjobinfo $VM --keep-completed --completed >> $LOGFILE;
    echo \"Finished backup for VM $VM\" >> $LOGFILE;
   else
     echo \"Backup config file $XMLBACKUPCFGPATH\/$VM.xml does not exist! Backup for $VM skipped!\" >> $LOGFILE;
   fi
done

cd $DSM_DIR
$DSM_DIR\/dsmc incr \"$BACKUPPATH\/*\" -sub=yes >> $LOGFILE;

echo \"Backup completed at \" $(date) >> $LOGFILE;
<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
P\u0159i nasazen\u00ed virtualizace postaven\u00e9 na Red Hat Enterprise Linux kompatibiln\u00edch distribuc\u00ed (kombinace KVM a QEMU) jsme narazili na probl\u00e9m z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed. Syst\u00e9m vypnut\u00ed VM, z\u00e1lohy a zapnut\u00ed VM nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 komfortn\u00ed a \u010dasto nejde v\u016fbec pou\u017e\u00edt kv\u016fli pot\u0159eb\u011b b\u011bhu VM v re\u017eimu 7×24. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed existuje mo\u017enost z\u00e1lohy pomoc\u00ed vestav\u011bn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku zat\u00edm budu prezentovat […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-683","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technologie","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nZ\u00e1loha KVM virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch server\u016f na CentOS 9 Stream | Coffeespot<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Z\u00e1lohujte virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed servery nad KVM jednodu\u0161e pomoc\u00ed vestav\u011bn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f. 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